The surgery is aimed to aid:

• Pathophysiology and assessment: Surgery for uterovaginal prolapse is guided by a comprehensive understanding of the underlying pathophysiology. Prolapse occurs due to the weakening or stretching of the pelvic floor muscles and ligaments, leading to descent or protrusion of the uterus and vaginal walls. Preoperative assessment includes a detailed evaluation of the prolapse stage, anatomical support defects, and associated symptoms to determine the most appropriate surgical approach.
• Anatomical repair: The surgical treatment of uterovaginal prolapse aims to restore the normal anatomical support of the pelvic organs. Various surgical techniques, such as uterosacral ligament suspension, sacrocolpopexy, and colporrhaphy, are used to reposition and secure the uterus and vaginal walls in their proper anatomical position. These procedures involve the use of sutures, grafts, or mesh to provide durable support and prevent recurrence.
• Minimally invasive techniques: Minimally invasive surgical approaches, including laparoscopic or robotic-assisted surgery, have gained popularity in the treatment of uterovaginal prolapse. These techniques involve making small incisions and using specialized instruments to perform the surgery. Minimally invasive surgery offers advantages such as reduced postoperative pain, shorter hospital stays, faster recovery, and improved cosmetic outcomes compared to traditional open surgery.
• Repair of associated pelvic floor defects: In addition to addressing uterovaginal prolapse, surgical treatment may involve repair of associated pelvic floor defects. These defects may include cystocele (bladder prolapse), rectocele (rectal prolapse), or enterocele (small intestine prolapse). Surgical techniques such as anterior or posterior colporrhaphy, or the use of synthetic or biological grafts, can be employed to repair these defects concurrently with uterovaginal prolapse surgery.